Process for treating wood-oil with oxidizing agents.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABRAHAM KRONSTEIN, OFKARLSRUHE, GERMANY. PROCESS FOR TREATING wooo-olL wrrH OXIDIZING AGENTS- chemist, doctor of philosophy, and a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Karlsruhe, in the German Empire, (whose post-office address is N o. 95 'Kriegsstrasse,

Karlsruhe, Germany,) have invented a cer-' Process for Treating tain new and useful Wood-Oil with Oxidizing Agents, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to a process for preventing the coagulation of wood-oil (tung-oil) during the action thereon of oxidizing agents, such as dioxid of lead, minium, chromic salts, atmospheric air, and similar agents that split off or transmit free oxygen or oxidizing oxygen-yielding driers as used in the manufacture of varnishes. This socalled Chinese wood-oil is the oil exressed from the beries of the tree generally own as Aleurites cordata or Elaeacocca 'vem'ic'ta and sometimes also called tungoil in the trade. For the sake of brevity I shall refer to it in the following specification and claims simply as wood-oil, it being understood that only the oil referred to'is meant. The property of wood-oil of coagulating and forming a curd, so to speak, upon the action of oxidizing agents or driers as employed in the manufacture of varnishes, japans, and the like has heretofore been a great drawback in the use of wood-oil in'the arts. This inconvenience may be avoided by previously mixing the wood-oil in suita le proportions with such drying-oils, resins,

or solvents, which prevent the polymerization of wood-oil by producing a dissociating action upon its molecule. Such mixtures of wood-oil or tung-oil with other organic var-.

msh-forming substances, and in particular with drying-oils orresins orzsubstances'hav mg a similar chemical constitution, where the quantity of wood-oil or tung-oil is sufficiently below the total amount of the other varnishforming organic constituents of the mixture to enable them to'remain liquidupon exposure to high heat will also refuse to yield a,

curd when they are treated with oxidizing agents, such as chromates or artificial oxidizing oxygen-yielding driers, such as lead or manganese compounds, and, on the other hand, such mixtures containin so large a percentage of wood-oil that pro onged heating will convert them into a solid mass may also be treated with oxidizing oxygen-yield- Specification of Letters Patent. Ammo. fil d January 21,1901. Serial No. 44.180.

Patented Oct. 9, 1906.

ingdriers, chromates, or the like in the manufacture of varnishes, j apans, and for other purposes without fear of forming the undesired jelly or curd if the heatingis interrupted and .the addition of the oxidizing agent is made before solidification can set in, resins, drying-oils, or the like being added along with or immediately after the addition of oxidizing agents. treat the solidified compounds which are obtained by heating mixtures-of an'excess of wood-oil with other drying-oils or equivalent substances with oxidizing agents or oxidizing oxygen-yielding driers, the said solid bodies are subjected to a process of remelting with drying-oils, resins, or equivalent substances. They are thereby. converted into a viscid oil which may be treated with oxidizing agents or artificial oxidizing oxygenyielding driers for the manufacture of varnishes and the like without fear of curdling. I am thus enabled to convert'both the original untreated wood-oil as well as the wood-oil which has been subjected to a thickeningor solidifying process intoa modification'which when treated with oxidizing agents will not gelatinize. The nature of the oxidizing agent or oxidizing oxygen-yielding drier used is perfectly immaterial.

As regards the mixtures themselves, drying-oils will be used in quantities of more than fifty per cent. of the'mixture. If resin is used, the amount of resin to be added to the wood-oil in order to produce the desired effect of preventing gelatinization on treatment with oxidizing agents or oxidizing oxygen-yielding driers seems to depend upon the ents in the resin, while of rosin only about thirty per cent. any more need to be added to necessar with dammar, Venetian turpentine, me ted amber, and gutta-percha. Gumcopal requires a still greater percentage that is to say, more than seventy per cent. If mixtures of different kinds of resin or with drying-oils are used, the quantitiesof these admixtures required for preventing'gelatinization upon the addition of-oxidizing agents will of course be different. The same effect is produced by an addition of solvents such as oil of turpentine, benzol/camphor-oil, and the like if the admixtures'famount'to more than twenty per cent. Su'c'lrsolvents In order to be able to amount of partly-volatile resin-oil constitu-' themixture. More than fifty per cent. is

will prevent gelatinization duringthetreatido aforesaid, make use of oil. mixtures which under ordinary circumstances yield insoluble products by prolon ed heating, and I may 10 then proceed as fo lows: Wood-oil or such mixtures thereof as otherwise solidify during the heatingprocess of suitable duration are rapidly heated .up to a temperature of from about 270 to280 centigrade', no solidifica 1 5 tiontaking place at this rapid heating. I

then add rapidly any desired oxidizing agent,

in small uantities at a time, which dissolves inthe mixture. The heating process is then interrupted by closing a damper or othzo erwise and the mixture cooled down below 'the boiling-point of the solvent which it is de-* sired to add. After this addition has been made the thus-diluted mixture isthen boiled in a vessel provided with a condenser, the, z 5 volatilized portions condensing and dropping back into the mixture.

I may mention the following. examples 0 1 carrying my invention into effect:

oil are treated as usually with oxid of lead, minium, borate of manganese, air, or other oxidizing agents. a

Example 2: One hundred pounds wood-oil ,3 5. which have been previously thickened by heating are dissolved in one hundred and twenty pounds linseed-oil and are then treated 1 as shown with reference toExample 1.

Example'3: vOne hundred pounds wood-oil. .40 which have been renderedinsolubleby pro longed heating .are melted, diluted with one .hundred and twenty pounds of linseed-oil, .and-are then treated in like manner as in Example 1. a

.Exam 'le 4: One hundred pounds of the oil produce by remelting the solid body obtained from a :mixture of one hundred and twenty .pounds wood-oil and eighty ,pounds .linseed oil by prolonged heating are mixed .with sixty pounds linseed oil and-are then .treated as inExample .1.

Example 5: One hundred and twenty ,pounds of-dammar resin are dissolved'in one hundred .pounds wood-oil and treated with 5,5 oxidizing agentsin the usual manner.

Example 6: "l vo' hundred pounds of a mixture of one hundred and twenty .pounds of wood-oil and ei htypounds dammanresin are .heated, and tot mixture I add sixty pounds 6.0 .more of dammarbefore solidification can set in orin casethe mixture should have become already soli ed after remelting the solid-body obtained, and I then treat with oxidizing agents in-the ordinary way;

Example -7: In place .of the resin .1 use.

tion of wood-oil, o tained .plants, occurringuponthe treatmentof said .plants, occurring upon thetreatment of said sixty pounds of linseed-oil as an addition to the mixture of wood-oil and dammar described in Example 6. Example 8: One hundred and forty pounds of wood-oil are heated to about 270 centi-' grade and are then mixed with'from two to three or cent. of oxid of lead. On stirring the mixture-the lead oxid will dissolve therein. The mixture is then cooled down to about 120 centigrade and mixed with sixty pounds of oil-of turpentine, and thewhole mass is finally boiled for from two to three hours in ave'ssel to which is connected areflux I condenser.

* What I claim, and desire to secure by Let- 8 0 ters Patentof the United States, is

1. The process of: reventin the coagula om Aleurites plants, occurring upon the treatment of said oil with oxidizing agents which consists in mixing and heating said oil, substantially as described with a quantity of resin and vegetable drying-oils in excess of the amount nec-. essary for changing the mixture into a solid, insoluble gum, and with oxidizing, oxygen- 0 yielding driers, substantially as described.

2. The process of preventing the coagulation of woodoil, obtained from Aleur'ites. Example 1: .One hundred pounds wood-oil; c and one hundred and twenty pounds linseed-- plants, occurring upon the treatment of said oils and of mixtures of the same with vege- 5 table dryingoils,'resins and solvents, with oxidizing or oxygen-yielding agents, which process consists in heating themixtures of wood-oil with other drying-oils coagulated by heating'with an excess of other-drying- 10o oils but wood-oil, until liquefaction takes place.

3. The processof preventing-thecoagula tion of wood-oil, obtained from AZEILTitS plants, occurring upon the treatment of said oils and of mixtures-of the same .with vegetable drying-oils, resins and solvents,lwith oxidizing or oxygen-yielding agents, which process consists inzheating the mixturesof wood-oil with resins. coagulated -by heating with anexcess of. other dry' -oils but woodoil, until liquefaction takes piizce.

4. The process of.preventing the coagulation of wood-oil, obtained from Aleur'ites I 5 oils and-oflmixturesof the same .with vegetable drying-oils, resinsand solvents, with oxidizing .or oxygen-yielding agents, which a process consists in heating 'the-mixtures of wood-oil with solvents coagulated by-heating with an excess. of other drying-oils but woodoil, until liquefaction takespIace.

5. The process of reventing thecoagula: tion of wood-oi], oiitained' from Aleurites r 2 5 oils and'of mixturesofthe same with vegetable drying-oils, vresins.andsolvents, with oxidizing or oxygen-yielding agents, which .process consists in heating the mixtures of wood-oil with ,other drying-oils coagulated 0 0118 and of mixtures of the same with' ve eby heating with resins and with oxidizing, oxygen-yielding agents, takes lace. v

-6. he process of reventin thecoagulation of wood-oil, tained 0111 ;Aleurites' plants, occurring upon the treatment of said table drying-oils, resins and solvents, with oxidizing or oxygen-yielding agents, which process consists inheating the mixtures of 1 wood-oil with resins coagulated by heating with resins and with oxidizing, oxygen-yield5 ing agents, until li uefaction takes place.

7. The process 0 tion of wood-oil, o tained om Aleur'ites plants, occurring upon the treatment of said oils and of mixtures of the same with vegetable "drying-oils, resins and solvents, with oxidizing or oxygeneyielding agents, which process consists iniheating the mixtures of with resins and with oxidizing, oxygen-yield- 5 ing agents, until liquefaction takes place.

8. The process of reventin' the coagula *tionof wood-0i], 0 tained om Alcur'ites plantsin the manufacture of varnishes, japans and the like which consists in first heat-- ing -a mixture of wood-oil and varnish-formuntil liquefacfionr reventin the coagula ing organic constituents until solidification .sets in, then adding a new quantity of organic varnish-forming constituents to the solidified mass and rapidly heating the same until 1i uefaction takes place, and then mix-- ng oxi agents or riers with the liquefied mixture.

' 9. The process of reventing the coagulation of wood-oil, ob plants in the manufacture of varnishes, ja-. pans and thelike which consists in. wood-oilor tung-oil with resins, the amount of resin bein governed by its percentage of. volatile oil, t of said mixture by heating the same, then adding oxidizing a ents or driers to the resultant liquid Whjfe still in hot condition, then cooling the mixture, then adding a solvent, and finally boilin the mixture and solvent, substantially as escribed.

In witness whereof-Ihave hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

V x ABRAHAM KRONSTEIN. Witnessesr WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HAsPER;

tained from Aleurites en combining the constituents 

